Environmental Chemistry Environmental chemistry: It is the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of various chemical processes taking place in the various segments of the environment. Broadly speaking, it is the study of the sources, transportation, reactions, effects and the ultimate of the chemical species occurring in one or more segments of the environment. Components of Environment : Atmosphere: This comprises a blanket of gaseous layer around earth. Hydrosphere : This comprises about 96% of earth’s surface & includes all sources of water like oceans rivers lakes, glaciers, ground water etc. Lithosphere : It refers to earth’s solid crust containing the outer mineral cover. It comprises soil, minerals, organic matter etc. Biosphere: It refers to the domain of living organism in covalent with atmosphere hydrosphere as well as lithosphere. Environmental pollution...
HYDROGEN Introduction: Hydrogen is the first element of periodic table. It has been placed at the top of alkali metal family in group 1 of s-block although it is not a member of the group. It is a typical non-metal and exists as a diatomic molecule (H 2 ) called dihydrogen in order to distinguish it from atomic hydrogen. It was discovered by Henery Cavendish in 1766 by the action of dilute H 2 SO 4 on iron. It was named ‘inflammable air’, Lavoisier gave it the name hydrogen (Creek: Hydra = water, gennas = producer]. It occurs in Free State as well as in combined state. Hydrogen is the source of the energy of the stars, including the sun. It undergoes nuclear fusion, which continuously takes place in the sun. This is the source of all energy on earth. Hydrogen may well help us overcome the present energy crisis without polluting our environment. In its reaction with oxygen, it produce large amount of energy and it gives only a non-polluting product...